The Times Australia
The Times World News

.
Men's Weekly

.

Campaign trail threats and abuse reinforce the need to protect NZ’s women politicians – before they quit for good

  • Written by Cassandra Mudgway, Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Canterbury

A female candidate slapped after a public debate, another whose home was vandalised, a man trespassed for entering the same house, shouts and jeers directed at another woman candidate for using te reo Māori – the 2023 election has certainly had its uglier moments[1].

But reports of abuse, threats and violence on the campaign trail shouldn’t surprise anyone. Over the past five years, female politicians have consistently spoken about the often violent and sexist harassment they receive online.

A recent United Nations study[2] examining the experiences of female journalists established a clear link between online and real-world violence, particularly stalking. Another study[3] found female politicians and journalists in Britain and the United States are abused on Twitter (now X) every 30 seconds.

This is backed up by local politicians’ experiences. Green Party MPs Marama Davidson[4] and Golriz Ghahraman have both spoken about the serious abuse they receive online. Ghahraman needed a security escort[5] following a series of death threats.

In 2021, Christchurch city councillor Sara Templeton and other female leaders, including mayor Lianne Dalziel and Labour MPs Sarah Pallet and Megan Woods, were subjected to a relentless campaign[6] of online harassment and increasingly gendered abuse.

Similar experiences have been shared by National MPs Nicola Willis[7] and Paula Bennett [8]. Former prime minister Jacinda Ardern also had to tolerate high levels of online vitriol[9]. What has happened during the election campaign is part of a clear trend.

Normalised gender-based violence

The often misogynistic[10] nature of online abuse, from sexist name-calling to threats of rape and death, makes it a form of gender-based violence [11]. And the New Zealand government has made international and domestic commitments to create a safe political environment for women.

But this would require the development of a concrete plan to address online violence – something most political parties have been largely silent about during the election campaign.

Read more: Online abuse could drive women out of political life – the time to act is now[12]

And it’s not a new issue. The independent review[13] into bullying and harassment in parliament was released in 2019. It found online harassment and abuse of MPs by members of the public, including sexist and violent threats, was increasingly common and even accepted as par for the course.

Since then, there have been significant improvements[14] to combat workplace bullying, but essentially nothing has been done about online abuse.

This is especially concerning given the way violent online behaviour may embolden[15] some people to act out such behaviours in real life.

Former prime minister Jacinda Ardern faced a torrent of online abuse during her years as leader. Getty Images

A weak legal framework

That said, there are some rules governing online abuse. The current legal framework includes the Harmful Digital Communications Act[16], which was designed to address harmful online communication such as cyberbullying, harassment and threats. It established legal mechanisms for reporting and prosecuting harmful digital content.

But the law has two key weaknesses when it comes to gender-based violence.

Firstly, to prove a criminal offence, the harmful content must cause “serious emotional distress” to the victim. This may be difficult to prove from a single comment from a single person, because the real harm lies in the barrage of abusive comments from numerous people all at once.

Read more: How misogyny, narcissism and a desperate need for power make men abuse women online[17]

It must also be proved that the content would cause “serious emotional distress” to an “ordinary reasonable person”. So the law does not fully consider the gendered nature of online abuse, and may not account for the specific ways in which women are targeted.

Secondly, the normalisation of online abuse against female politicians means they often do not report the abuse. This leaves perpetrators to continue with impunity. Overall, the law seems to have failed to deter people from engaging in online gender-based violence.

In turn, this puts New Zealand offside with its responsibilities as a signatory to important United Nations human rights conventions. Online abuse violates women’s right to be free from violence[18] and the right of women to participate in political and public life[19].

Public education needed

Although some political leaders have expressed deep concern about online abuse in the past[20], the issue is not currently a priority for any major party. The risk is that women will simply leave the political arena, something already observed overseas[21].

Whichever party or coalition forms the next government should act urgently to address gender-based violence, both online and offline. It needs to review the legal framework to allow better protection for women, and find ways to enlist the general public’s support in making such abuse socially unacceptable.

This will require a comprehensive plan involving public education, schools, law enforcement, the judiciary and parliamentarians. But without more urgent action, the likelihood of online violence spilling over into the real world only increases.

References

  1. ^ uglier moments (www.theguardian.com)
  2. ^ United Nations study (www.icfj.org)
  3. ^ study (decoders.amnesty.org)
  4. ^ Marama Davidson (www.rnz.co.nz)
  5. ^ security escort (www.stuff.co.nz)
  6. ^ relentless campaign (www.stuff.co.nz)
  7. ^ Nicola Willis (www.rnz.co.nz)
  8. ^ Paula Bennett (www.nzherald.co.nz)
  9. ^ online vitriol (www.auckland.ac.nz)
  10. ^ often misogynistic (www.tandfonline.com)
  11. ^ gender-based violence (www.unwomen.org)
  12. ^ Online abuse could drive women out of political life – the time to act is now (theconversation.com)
  13. ^ independent review (www.parliament.nz)
  14. ^ significant improvements (www.rnz.co.nz)
  15. ^ may embolden (www.unwomen.org)
  16. ^ Harmful Digital Communications Act (www.legislation.govt.nz)
  17. ^ How misogyny, narcissism and a desperate need for power make men abuse women online (theconversation.com)
  18. ^ right to be free from violence (www.ohchr.org)
  19. ^ participate in political and public life (www.ohchr.org)
  20. ^ in the past (www.rnz.co.nz)
  21. ^ observed overseas (www.cigionline.org)

Read more https://theconversation.com/campaign-trail-threats-and-abuse-reinforce-the-need-to-protect-nzs-women-politicians-before-they-quit-for-good-214828

Times Magazine

From Beach Bops to Alpine Anthems: Your Sonos Survival Guide for a Long Weekend Escape

Alright, fellow adventurers and relaxation enthusiasts! So, you've packed your bags, charged your devices, and mentally prepared for that glorious King's Birthday long weekend. But hold on, are you really ready? Because a true long weekend warrior kn...

Effective Commercial Pest Control Solutions for a Safer Workplace

Keeping a workplace clean, safe, and free from pests is essential for maintaining productivity, protecting employee health, and upholding a company's reputation. Pests pose health risks, can cause structural damage, and can lead to serious legal an...

The Science Behind Reverse Osmosis and Why It Matters

What is reverse osmosis? Reverse osmosis (RO) is a water purification process that removes contaminants by forcing water through a semi-permeable membrane. This membrane allows only water molecules to pass through while blocking impurities such as...

Foodbank Queensland celebrates local hero for National Volunteer Week

Stephen Carey is a bit bananas.   He splits his time between his insurance broker business, caring for his young family, and volunteering for Foodbank Queensland one day a week. He’s even run the Bridge to Brisbane in a banana suit to raise mon...

Senior of the Year Nominations Open

The Allan Labor Government is encouraging all Victorians to recognise the valuable contributions of older members of our community by nominating them for the 2025 Victorian Senior of the Year Awards.  Minister for Ageing Ingrid Stitt today annou...

CNC Machining Meets Stage Design - Black Swan State Theatre Company & Tommotek

When artistry meets precision engineering, incredible things happen. That’s exactly what unfolded when Tommotek worked alongside the Black Swan State Theatre Company on several of their innovative stage productions. With tight deadlines and intrica...

The Times Features

Running Across Australia: What Really Holds the Body Together?

How William Goodge’s 3,800km run reveals the connection between movement, mindset, and mental resilience As a business owner, I’ve come to realise that the biggest wins rarely com...

Telehealth is Transforming Healthcare Services in Australia

It has traditionally not been easy to access timely healthcare in Australia, particularly for people who live in remote areas. Many of them spend hours on the road just to see a...

Launchd Acquires Huume, Strengthening Creative Firepower Across Talent-Led Marketing

Launchd, a leader in talent, technology and brand partnerships, has announced its acquisition of influencer talent management agency Huume from IZEA. The move comes as the medi...

Vietnam's "Gold Coast" Emerges as Extraordinary Investment Frontier and Australian Inspired Way of Life

$2 Billion super-city in Vung Tau set to replicate Australia's Gold Coast success story A culturally metamorphic development aptly named "Gold Coast" is set to reshape Vietna...

Choosing the Wrong Agent Is the #1 Regret Among Aussie Property Sellers

Selling your home is often one of the largest financial transactions you’ll make, and for many Australians, it’s also one of the most emotional. A new survey of Australian home se...

Travel Insurance for Families: What Does it Cover and Why it’s Essential

Planning a family trip is exciting, but unexpected mishaps can turn your dream vacation into a stressful ordeal. That’s where travel insurance comes in—it’s your safety net when ...