The Times Australia
The Times World News

.

Prime drinks aren't suitable for children and pregnant women. Here's why

  • Written by Evangeline Mantzioris, Program Director of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Accredited Practising Dietitian, University of South Australia
Prime drinks aren't suitable for children and pregnant women. Here's why

Prime drinks have been heavily promoted in Australia, leading to frenzied sales[1] in supermarkets, as well bans in schools[2].

Prime offers two products: one is marketed as a “hydration” drink, the other as an “energy” drink. The latter comes with a warning[3] it’s not suitable for people under 18 years of age, or pregnant or lactating women and isn’t legally sold in stores in Australia.

But both drinks may pose problems to under-18s and women who are pregnant or lactating.

What’s in Prime Energy?

Prime Energy contains 200 milligrams[4] of caffeine per can, which is equivalent to about two to three instant coffees. This caffeine content is roughly double what is legally allowed[5] for products sold in Australia.

Despite its name, Prime Energy drink contains only about 40 kilojoules from carbohydrates, which is one of our body’s key sources of energy. The “energy” in Prime Energy refers to the caffeine, which makes you feel more alert and lessens the perceived effort involved in any work you do.

Caffeine does provide performance benefits[6] for athletes aged over 18. However, given the high quantities in the drinks, there may be better ways to get caffeine in more appropriate doses.

Read more: Can coffee improve your workout? The science of caffeine and exercise[7]

Caffeine is a concern during pregnancy

Health guidelines recommend limiting[8] caffeine intake during pregnancy and while breastfeeding to below 200mg a day.

Theoretically, this drink alone, with 200mg of caffeine per can, should be fine. But practically, diets include many other sources of caffeine including coffee, tea, chocolate and cola drinks. Consumption of these alongside the energy drinks would increase the intake for pregnant women above this safety threshold.

FSANZ, CC BY[9][10] Why is caffeine a problem for fetuses and babies? Caffeine can cross the placenta into the growing fetus’s bloodstream. Fetuses can’t break down the caffeine, so it remains in their circulation. As the pregnancy proceeds, the mother becomes slower at clearing caffeine[11] from her metabolism. This potentially exposes the fetus to caffeine for longer. Studies have shown a high intake of caffeine is associated with growth restriction[12], reduced birth weight, preterm birth and stillbirth[13]. Some experts argue there is no safe limit of caffeine intake[14] during pregnancy. With breastfeeding, caffeine passes into the breast milk[15]. It remains in the baby’s circulation, as they’re unable to metabolise it. Evidence shows[16] that caffeine may make babies more colicky, irritable and less likely to sleep. What about in kids? Children also have a limited ability to break down caffeine. Combined with their lighter body mass, a caffeine-based drink will have a more pronounced effect. As such, safe caffeine levels are determined on a weight basis: 3mg per kg of body weight per day[17]. For example, children aged 9 to 13 years, who weigh no more than 40kg, should have no more than 120mg of caffeine per day. Those aged between 14 to 17 years who weigh less than 60kg should have no more than 180mg per day. Studies have shown[18] higher intakes increase the risk of heart problems, such as heart palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath and fainting. This may reflect underlying heart rhythm problems, which have in some case ended up with children and teenagers[19] presenting to hospital emergency departments. Read more: Should teens taking ADHD, anxiety and depression drugs consume energy drinks and coffee?[20] What about Prime Hydrate, which doesn’t contain caffeine? This drink contains branch chain amino acids, or BCAA, which the supplements industry promotes as helping gain muscle bulk. There are three BCAA: valine, leucine and isoleucine. However, there is no evidence they provide any benefit. As such, the Australian Institute of Sport[21] has concluded they are not an effective supplement for athletes. Supplements in general are not recommended in children or pregnant women[22] as they have not been tested in these groups. There is also concern about the impact of BCAA and how they may impact the growth of the fetus. A scientific animal study[23] has shown altered patterns of growth with fetal mice. No human studies[24] have examined BCAA and fetal growth, so that research needs to be done before recommendations can be given to pregnant women. They should avoid these ingredients in the absence of evidence. Similarly, there has been no testing of these supplements in children under 18 years, so there is no guarantee of their safety. Performance-enhancing sport supplements are not recommended[25] for children and adolescents, as they are still developing physically as well as refining and improving their sporting skills. Children running Children shouldn’t use performance-enhacing supplements. Shutterstock What does the science say about BCAA? Scientists have been investigating how BCAA affect adults. Circulating BCAA can affect carbohydrate metabolism in the muscle and therefore can change insulin sensitivity[26]. BCAA are elevated in adults with diet-induced obesity and are associated with increased future risk of type 2 diabetes[27], even when scientists account for other baseline risk factors. Adults with obesity and insulin resistance have been found to have higher levels of BCAA. Emerging evidence suggests[28] children and adolescents with obesity also have higher levels of BCAA, which may predict future insulin resistance, a risk factor for diabetes. However we don’t yet know if these elevated levels of BCAA in the blood are because people are overweight or obese, or if it plays a role in them becoming overweight or obese. Read more: Do athletes really need protein supplements?[29] The bottom line is we have clear evidence that caffeine is problematic for children and women who are pregnant and lactating. And there is emerging evidence BCAA may be also problematic. References^ frenzied sales (au.news.yahoo.com)^ bans in schools (www.abc.net.au)^ warning (drinkprime.com)^ 200 milligrams (drinkprime.com)^ legally allowed (www.foodstandards.gov.au)^ does provide performance benefits (www.ais.gov.au)^ Can coffee improve your workout? The science of caffeine and exercise (theconversation.com)^ limiting (www.foodstandards.gov.au)^ FSANZ (www.foodstandards.gov.au)^ CC BY (creativecommons.org)^ slower at clearing caffeine (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)^ growth restriction (link.springer.com)^ reduced birth weight, preterm birth and stillbirth (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)^ no safe limit of caffeine intake (ebm.bmj.com)^ caffeine passes into the breast milk (adc.bmj.com)^ Evidence shows (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)^ 3mg per kg of body weight per day (www.foodstandards.gov.au)^ Studies have shown (www.internationaljournalofcardiology.com)^ children and teenagers (www.internationaljournalofcardiology.com)^ Should teens taking ADHD, anxiety and depression drugs consume energy drinks and coffee? (theconversation.com)^ Australian Institute of Sport (www.ais.gov.au)^ children or pregnant women (www.nccih.nih.gov)^ scientific animal study (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)^ No human studies (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)^ not recommended (journals.humankinetics.com)^ change insulin sensitivity (www.mdpi.com)^ increased future risk of type 2 diabetes (www.mdpi.com)^ Emerging evidence suggests (onlinelibrary.wiley.com)^ Do athletes really need protein supplements? (theconversation.com)

Read more https://theconversation.com/prime-drinks-arent-suitable-for-children-and-pregnant-women-heres-why-202829

Times Magazine

Headless CMS in Digital Twins and 3D Product Experiences

Image by freepik As the metaverse becomes more advanced and accessible, it's clear that multiple sectors will use digital twins and 3D product experiences to visualize, connect, and streamline efforts better. A digital twin is a virtual replica of ...

The Decline of Hyper-Casual: How Mid-Core Mobile Games Took Over in 2025

In recent years, the mobile gaming landscape has undergone a significant transformation, with mid-core mobile games emerging as the dominant force in app stores by 2025. This shift is underpinned by changing user habits and evolving monetization tr...

Understanding ITIL 4 and PRINCE2 Project Management Synergy

Key Highlights ITIL 4 focuses on IT service management, emphasising continual improvement and value creation through modern digital transformation approaches. PRINCE2 project management supports systematic planning and execution of projects wit...

What AI Adoption Means for the Future of Workplace Risk Management

Image by freepik As industrial operations become more complex and fast-paced, the risks faced by workers and employers alike continue to grow. Traditional safety models—reliant on manual oversight, reactive investigations, and standardised checklist...

From Beach Bops to Alpine Anthems: Your Sonos Survival Guide for a Long Weekend Escape

Alright, fellow adventurers and relaxation enthusiasts! So, you've packed your bags, charged your devices, and mentally prepared for that glorious King's Birthday long weekend. But hold on, are you really ready? Because a true long weekend warrior kn...

Effective Commercial Pest Control Solutions for a Safer Workplace

Keeping a workplace clean, safe, and free from pests is essential for maintaining productivity, protecting employee health, and upholding a company's reputation. Pests pose health risks, can cause structural damage, and can lead to serious legal an...

The Times Features

Duke of Dural to Get Rooftop Bar as New Owners Invest in Venue Upgrade

The Duke of Dural, in Sydney’s north-west, is set for a major uplift under new ownership, following its acquisition by hospitality group Good Beer Company this week. Led by resp...

Prefab’s Second Life: Why Australia’s Backyard Boom Needs a Circular Makeover

The humble granny flat is being reimagined not just as a fix for housing shortages, but as a cornerstone of circular, factory-built architecture. But are our systems ready to s...

Melbourne’s Burglary Boom: Break-Ins Surge Nearly 25%

Victorian homeowners are being warned to act now, as rising break-ins and falling arrest rates paint a worrying picture for suburban safety. Melbourne residents are facing an ...

Exploring the Curriculum at a Modern Junior School in Melbourne

Key Highlights The curriculum at junior schools emphasises whole-person development, catering to children’s physical, emotional, and intellectual needs. It ensures early year...

Distressed by all the bad news? Here’s how to stay informed but still look after yourself

If you’re feeling like the news is particularly bad at the moment, you’re not alone. But many of us can’t look away – and don’t want to. Engaging with news can help us make ...

The Role of Your GP in Creating a Chronic Disease Management Plan That Works

Living with a long-term condition, whether that is diabetes, asthma, arthritis or heart disease, means making hundreds of small decisions every day. You plan your diet against m...