The Times Australia
The Times World News

.
The Times Real Estate

.

31% of Australians are obese – is Ozempic a healthy solution? A GP considers Johann Hari’s inside take on a ‘mass experiment’

  • Written by Natasha Yates, General Practitioner, PhD Candidate, Bond University
31% of Australians are obese – is Ozempic a healthy solution? A GP considers Johann Hari’s inside take on a ‘mass experiment’

Obesity levels for adults have hit 26% in Britain and 42.5% in the United States, journalist Johann Hari writes in his new book, Magic Pill[1]. In Australia, recent data shows[2] we’re somewhere in the middle: 31%.

Hari, who grew up eating “almost nothing but junk and processed food”, describes himself as ranging from “slightly underweight to quite seriously obese” from his late teens onwards. He describes a family history of heart problems and diabetes. Shortly before he began writing this book, he recorded his BMI at “just over 30”.

Worried about his health, he says, he accessed Ozempic though a doctor, “after some brief questions and some cursory measuring”. On the first page of chapter one, two days after beginning to inject the drug, he wakes up with mild nausea and “no appetite at all”. Ozempic, he writes, “made food, beyond small quantities, feel unfeasible”.

Review: Magic Pill: The Extraordinary Benefits and Disturbing Risks of the New Weight-Loss Drugs – Johann Hari (Bloomsbury)

‘As a GP … this is even better’

If you are looking for a book that succinctly summarises the pros and cons of injectable weight-loss drugs like Ozempic and Mounjaro, this is not it. Instead, Hari has woven the science into a narrative that traces his thoughts, feelings and discoveries around these drugs since he first heard about them, and then started to use Ozempic.

In my opinion, as a GP and a reader, this is even better.

“This is a mass experiment, carried out on millions of people, and I am one of the guinea pigs,” he writes.

Johann Hari, who records his journey taking Ozempic, is a ‘guinea pig’. Kathrin Baumbach/Bloomsbury

Science is definitely front and centre: he has interviewed “over a hundred experts”. However, he knows from lived experience and observations gathered through his journalism that the science of obesity is only part of the picture.

Hari is not afraid to raise difficult questions. How much are people taking the drugs for their health versus for their appearance? Should it should be used in kids? (In one sense, they have the most to gain from losing weight early, before damage is done.) What effect do these drugs have on those with eating disorders?

He is vulnerable, too: not in a way that leads the reader to feel like he wrote this book as his personal therapy session, but in a way that starts a deeper conversation.

‘He does not hold back’

No doubt readers will come to this topic with their own ideas and biases. Some of these will be held strongly.

In particularly, some of us in healthcare, who have developed whiplash from watching weight-loss drugs and diets come and go, will have a great deal of scepticism. Hari sees these biases and scepticism and raises them with his own.

He does not hold back as he names, considers, explores and then reconsiders the use of this medication in his own life. Some impressive and knowledgeable scientists are interviewed throughout.

Here I should note that Hari, who has faced issues with his journalistic ethics[3] in the past, has been rightly criticised[4] for a mistakenly attributed quote. He wrote that a restaurant critic (who has never taken Ozempic) said the drug “robbed him of his pleasure in food so severely that even in great restaurants in Paris, he couldn’t find any joy”.

But it would be unfortunate to dismiss the book because of one wrong quotation, especially since the underlying point in that quote, echoed by many of my patients, remains valid. I believe the references to scientific studies, as well as his own personal thoughts, hold up to scrutiny.

Addressing stigma head-on

Hari notes early on that weight-loss drugs are an artificial solution to an artificial problem. He argues that the obesity-promoting environment we are experiencing is something we created over the past 50 or so years – and therefore something we can reverse.

Currently, unhealthy food is cheap, easy to come by and heavily promoted (even to children). It takes effort, money, education and willpower to regularly eat healthy food. It’s not impossible, but “the odds are rigged against you”, as Hari writes.

However, for the average reader, a complete change in the environmental factors that support obesity is not going to happen fast enough to salvage our personal health. So, we still have to make a decision on whether this drug is right for us – for those who live in obese bodies.

I appreciated the way Hari addressed the stigma of obesity head-on. His personal experience no doubt gave him insight. He asks why our culture thinks obese people are fully responsible for their weight, and therefore need to suffer in any efforts they make to lose it.

‘The odds are rigged against you’ in regularly eating healthy food, Hari writes. Karolina Grabowska/Pexels

Any weight loss that does not involve some kind of suffering (extreme calorie restriction, exercise) is often seen as “cheating”. Shame is frequently used to “motivate” people to lose weight. Ironically, if they try to lose it in the most effective way science can offer to date – these drugs – they are still shamed. Our collective psyche around this is confusing.

What does Ozempic do to us?

The evidence for the science behind GLP-1, the molecule these medications are based on, is explained by outlining how it was first discovered, and how it has been researched since.

Scientist Daniel Drucker was trying to find out if the molecule GLP-1 (a small part of glucagon, which our guts produce) had any function by itself. When he mixed GLP-1 with insulin synthesising cells, he was excited to see those cells were stimulated to produce insulin. Of course, his first thought was for how it could help people with diabetes.

Another scientist, John Wilding, found giving it to rats greatly reduced the amount of food they ate: it seemed to make them full, fast.

For a several decades, scientists worked hard to bring GLP-1 from a petri dish to become a safe and usable medication in humans. Though it was first approved for use in people with diabetes, the effect on appetite and weight reduction was so marked in early studies that conversation quickly turned to how it could be used for weight loss too.

The physical effects it produces of satiety (feeling of fullness) and slowing of the gut (with resulting nausea, diarrhoea and/or constipation), are now well known.

Food and pleasure

Even more compelling reading to me, however, was the drug’s impact on the relationship between food and pleasure. As a GP, I’ve been trained to see a loss of pleasure in food as potentially pathological, signalling an underlying problem.

Enjoyment of food is a fundamental human experience that has kept humans alive. It only derails when something is wrong with us, physically or mentally. Potential causes of someone no longer wanting to eat include things like infection, cancer, depression, even an eating disorder.

So the fact these drugs often interfere with the pleasure of eating concerns me. Why is giving up the pleasure we get from eating seen as a reasonable exchange for losing weight? Is this really a healthy long-term solution?

One of the most helpful chapters, I found, is titled: “What job was over-eating doing for you?”. It explores the reasons we eat and what happens when overeating is taken from us. Hari asks: “What, I wondered, will be the effect when millions of people are deprived of the psychological protections they get from overeating?”

Scientific evidence is systematically entwined with personal narrative about what overeating, and even being overweight, does for people. This can be surprising. For example, overeating may offer a form of comfort, or may even be a deliberate way traumatised people try to make themselves sexually unattractive: “overweight is overlooked”.

These important insights can be applied not just to overeating, but other addictions too. Hari is familiar with this subject: his 2015 book, Chasing the Scream[5], explored the history, treatment and causes of addiction.

What do we really want?

In one sense, this book is an impassioned plea to everyday people to pause and reconsider what we want as a society. Hari challenges us to consider the world we leave to our kids: “Why is this the choice we are faced with: leave your kids with a dangerous physical condition that could trash their health, or give them a potentially dangerous drug forever?”

While he raises many sometimes disheartening questions, he concludes on a hopeful note, by exploring the modern approach to eating and food in Japan – whose low obesity rate (4.5%[6]) is the envy of the Western world[7].

Incredibly, much of what the Japanese have done to achieve this has been within two generations. It seems very achievable for the rest of the world. They have prioritised healthy food being both obtainable and understood, by everyone: from children to the elderly.

They eat slowly, mixing flavours and textures, and are careful to balance each meal nutritionally as well as aesthetically. Exercise is built into their workplaces and schools. The environment is literally set up for people to maintain a healthy weight.

Thanks to diet and exercise, Japan’s low obesity rate is the envy of the Western world. Richard Iwaki/Unsplash

“Suddenly, the sheer artificiality of the obesity crisis seemed clear to me,” writes Hari. “It is created by the way we live. It should be possible, therefore, to un-create it.” It seems we don’t just face a choice between obesity and weight-loss drugs: there is a third option.

This message will not be popular with mass-producers of food, or people who make a lot of money out of the obesity epidemic. Addressing our environment means addressing dysfunctions in our modern food system.

Most convenient and affordable foods are processed, packaged and bear little resemblance to the original plants or animals they (supposedly) came from. In Hari’s opinion, most governments (Japan excepted) hesitate to regulate these kinds of food in ways that will improve health.

Though he recognises this is a big call to make, he draws parallels with the tobacco industry. There, it eventually took a groundswell of community sentiment to force governments to act – but that action has resulted in massive improvement in related illnesses in just one generation. There is hope.

“Who stole our satiety?” is Hari’s persistent question throughout this book. The implicit ensuing question is: what am I/what are we going to do about it?

What our society decides about the role of these drugs, and how we decide to address obesity more broadly, will have ramifications for generations to come.

References

  1. ^ Magic Pill (www.bloomsbury.com)
  2. ^ recent data shows (www.aihw.gov.au)
  3. ^ faced issues with his journalistic ethics (www.theguardian.com)
  4. ^ rightly criticised (www.theguardian.com)
  5. ^ Chasing the Scream (www.theguardian.com)
  6. ^ 4.5% (worldpopulationreview.com)
  7. ^ envy of the Western world (data.worldobesity.org)

Read more https://theconversation.com/31-of-australians-are-obese-is-ozempic-a-healthy-solution-a-gp-considers-johann-haris-inside-take-on-a-mass-experiment-229023

The Times Features

Why Regional Small Businesses in Bendigo Deserve Better Access to Finance in 2025

In the heart of regional Victoria, Bendigo has long stood as a beacon of innovation, resilience and community spirit. As we step further into 2025, the importance of nurturing sm...

Is It Time for a Deep Cleaning? Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore

Most people know they should visit the dentist for a regular check-up and cleaning every six months. But sometimes, a standard cleaning isn’t enough. When plaque and tartar build...

The Hidden Meaning Behind Popular Engagement Ring Cuts

When it comes to engagement rings, the cut of the diamond is not just about aesthetics. Each shape carries its own symbolism and significance, making it an important decision for...

Annual Health Exams in the Office: How They Can Reduce Sick Days and Healthcare Costs

Regular health check-ups, especially annual health exams in the office, can significantly impact the overall well-being of your workforce. A proactive approach to employee health...

Best Deals on Home Furniture Online

Key Highlights Discover the best deals on high-quality outdoor furniture online. Transform your outdoor space into a stylish and comfortable oasis. Explore a wide range of d...

Discover the Best Women's Jumpers for Every Season

Key Highlights Explore lightweight jumpers for spring and summer, ensuring breathability and ease. Wrap up warm with cozy wool jumpers for the chilly autumn and winter season...

Times Magazine

The Essential Guide to Transforming Office Spaces for Maximum Efficiency

Why Office Fitouts MatterA well-designed office can make all the difference in productivity, employee satisfaction, and client impressions. Businesses of all sizes are investing in updated office spaces to create environments that foster collaborat...

The A/B Testing Revolution: How AI Optimized Landing Pages Without Human Input

A/B testing was always integral to the web-based marketing world. Was there a button that converted better? Marketing could pit one against the other and see which option worked better. This was always through human observation, and over time, as d...

Using Countdown Timers in Email: Do They Really Increase Conversions?

In a world that's always on, where marketers are attempting to entice a subscriber and get them to convert on the same screen with one email, the power of urgency is sometimes the essential element needed. One of the most popular ways to create urg...

Types of Software Consultants

In today's technology-driven world, businesses often seek the expertise of software consultants to navigate complex software needs. There are several types of software consultants, including solution architects, project managers, and user experienc...

CWU Assistive Tech Hub is Changing Lives: Win a Free Rollator Walker This Easter!

🌟 Mobility. Independence. Community. All in One. This Easter, the CWU Assistive Tech Hub is pleased to support the Banyule community by giving away a rollator walker. The giveaway will take place during the Macleod Village Easter Egg Hunt & Ma...

"Eternal Nurture" by Cara Barilla: A Timeless Collection of Wisdom and Healing

Renowned Sydney-born author and educator Cara Barilla has released her latest book, Eternal Nurture, a profound collection of inspirational quotes designed to support mindfulness, emotional healing, and personal growth. With a deep commitment to ...

LayBy Shopping