The Times Australia
Google AI
The Times World News

.

why GPT-4 is notable, but not groundbreaking

  • Written by Marcel Scharth, Lecturer in Business Analytics, University of Sydney
why GPT-4 is notable, but not groundbreaking

OpenAI, the artificial intelligence (AI) research company behind ChatGPT and the DALL-E 2 art generator, has unveiled the highly anticipated GPT-4 model. Excitingly, the company also made it immediately available[1] to the public through a paid service.

GPT-4 is a large language model (LLM), a neural network trained on massive amounts of data to understand and generate text. It’s the successor to GPT-3.5, the model behind ChatGPT.

The GPT-4 model introduces a range of enhancements over its predecessors. These include more creativity, more advanced reasoning, stronger performance across multiple languages, the ability to accept visual input, and the capacity to handle significantly more text.

More powerful than the wildly popular ChatGPT, GPT-4 is bound to inspire an in-depth exploration of its capabilities and further accelerate the adoption of generative AI.

Improved capabilities

Among many results[2] highlighted by OpenAI, what immediately stands out is GPT-4’s performance on a range of standardised tests. For example, GPT-4 scores among the top 10% in a simulated US bar exam, whereas GPT-3.5 scores in the bottom 10%.

This table from the OpenAI technical report shows the performance of the model on a range of simulated standardised tests. GPT-4 often performs in the top 20% range. OpenAI

GPT-4 also outperforms GPT-3.5 on a range of writing, reasoning and coding tasks. The following examples[3] illustrate how GPT-4 displays more reliable commonsense reasoning than GPT-3.5.

An AI model that sees the world Another significant development is that GPT-4 is multimodal, unlike previous GPT models. This means it accepts both text and image inputs. Samples provided by OpenAI reveal GPT-4 is capable of interpreting images, explaining visual humour and providing reasoning based on visual inputs. Such skills are beyond the scope of previous models. GPT-4 can explain the meaning behind funny memes. OpenAI This ability to “see” could provide GPT-4 a more comprehensive picture of how the world works – just as humans acquire enhanced knowledge through observation. This is thought to be an important ingredient for developing sophisticated AI that could bridge the gap between current models and human-level intelligence. In fact, GPT-4 isn’t the first language model with these capabilities. A few weeks ago, Microsoft released Kosmos-1[4], a language model that accepts visual inputs the same way GPT-4 does. Google also recently expanded its PaLM[5] language model to be able to take in image data and sensor data collected from robots. Multimodality is a growing trend in AI research. Longer texts GPT-4 can take in and generate up to 25,000 words of text, which is much more than ChatGPT’s limit of about 3,000 words. It can handle more complex and detailed prompts, and generate more extensive pieces of writing. This allows for richer storytelling, more in-depth analysis, summaries of long pieces of text and deeper conversational interactions. In the example below, I gave the new ChatGPT (which uses GPT-4) the entire Wikipedia article about artificial intelligence and asked it a specific question, which it answered accurately. GPT-4 answers a question relating to a Wikipedia article on artificial intelligence. Author provided Limitations Even though the GPT-4 technical report[6] controversially provides no details about how the model was developed, all signs indicate it’s essentially a scaled-up version of GPT-3.5 with safety improvements. In other words, it’s not a new paradigm in AI research. OpenAI has itself said GPT-4 is subject to the same limitations[7] as previous language models, such as being prone to reasoning errors and biases, and making up false information. That said, OpenAI’s results on GPT-4 suggest it’s at least more reliable than previous GPT models. OpenAI used human feedback to fine-tune GPT-4 to produce more helpful and less problematic outputs. GPT-4 is much better at declining inappropriate requests and avoiding harmful content when compared to the initial ChatGPT release. Its arrival will continue a crucial debate among critics[8]. That being whether alternative approaches are required to fundamentally solve issues of truthfulness and reliability, or whether[9] throwing more data and resources at language models will eventually do the job. One could argue GPT-4 represents only an incremental improvement over its predecessors in many practical scenarios. Results showed human judges preferred GPT-4 outputs over the most advanced variant of GPT-3.5 only about 61% of the time. GPT-4 also shows no improvement over GPT-3.5 in some tests, including English language and art history exams. Bing AI Soon after GPT-4’s launch, Microsoft revealed[10] its highly controversial Bing chatbot was running on GPT-4 all along. The announcement confirmed speculation[11] by commentators who noticed it was more powerful[12] than ChatGPT. This means Bing provides an alternative way[13] to leverage GPT-4, since it’s a search engine rather than just a chatbot. Read more: Gaslighting, love bombing and narcissism: why is Microsoft's Bing AI so unhinged?[14] However, as anyone looped in on AI news knows, Bing started to go a bit crazy. But I don’t think the new ChatGPT will follow since it seems to have been heavily fine-tuned using human feedback. In its technical report, OpenAI shows how GPT-4 can indeed go completely off the rails without this human feedback training. Commercial applications One notable aspect of GPT-4’s release has been that, in addition to Bing, it’s already being used by companies and organisations such as Duolingo[15], Khan Academy[16], Morgan Stanley[17], Stripe[18] and the Icelandic government[19] to build new services and tools. Its commercial deployment will further heat up competition between major AI labs, and fuel investors’ appetite[20] for generative technologies. References^ immediately available (help.openai.com)^ results (openai.com)^ examples (cs.nyu.edu)^ Kosmos-1 (dailynous.com)^ PaLM (ai.googleblog.com)^ technical report (cdn.openai.com)^ same limitations (www.theguardian.com)^ crucial debate among critics (garymarcus.substack.com)^ whether (lastweekin.ai)^ revealed (blogs.bing.com)^ confirmed speculation (www.nytimes.com)^ more powerful (oneusefulthing.substack.com)^ alternative way (oneusefulthing.substack.com)^ Gaslighting, love bombing and narcissism: why is Microsoft's Bing AI so unhinged? (theconversation.com)^ Duolingo (blog.duolingo.com)^ Khan Academy (blog.khanacademy.org)^ Morgan Stanley (openai.com)^ Stripe (openai.com)^ Icelandic government (openai.com)^ investors’ appetite (www.economist.com)

Read more https://theconversation.com/evolution-not-revolution-why-gpt-4-is-notable-but-not-groundbreaking-201858

Times Magazine

With Nvidia’s second-best AI chips headed for China, the US shifts priorities from security to trade

This week, US President Donald Trump approved previously banned exports[1] of Nvidia’s powerful ...

Navman MiVue™ True 4K PRO Surround honest review

If you drive a car, you should have a dashcam. Need convincing? All I ask that you do is search fo...

Australia’s supercomputers are falling behind – and it’s hurting our ability to adapt to climate change

As Earth continues to warm, Australia faces some important decisions. For example, where shou...

Australia’s electric vehicle surge — EVs and hybrids hit record levels

Australians are increasingly embracing electric and hybrid cars, with 2025 shaping up as the str...

Tim Ayres on the AI rollout’s looming ‘bumps and glitches’

The federal government released its National AI Strategy[1] this week, confirming it has dropped...

Seven in Ten Australian Workers Say Employers Are Failing to Prepare Them for AI Future

As artificial intelligence (AI) accelerates across industries, a growing number of Australian work...

The Times Features

Brand Mentions are the new online content marketing sensation

In the dynamic world of digital marketing, the currency is attention, and the ultimate signal of t...

How Brand Mentions Have Become an Effective Online Marketing Option

For years, digital marketing revolved around a simple formula: pay for ads, drive clicks, measur...

Macquarie Capital Investment Propels Brennan's Next Phase of Growth and Sovereign Tech Leadership

Brennan, a leading Australian systems integrator, has secured a strategic investment from Macquari...

Will the ‘Scandinavian sleep method’ really help me sleep?

It begins with two people, one blanket, and two very different ideas of what’s a comfortable sle...

Australia’s Cost-of-Living Squeeze: Why Even “Doing Everything Right” No Longer Feels Enough

For decades, Australians were told there was a simple formula for financial security: get an edu...

A Thoughtful Touch: Creating Custom Wrapping Paper with Adobe Firefly

Print it. Wrap it. Gift it. The holidays are full of colour, warmth and little moments worth celebr...

Will the Australian dollar keep rising in 2026? 3 factors to watch in the new year

After several years of steadily declining, the Australian dollar staged a meaningful recovery in...

The Daily Concerns for People Living in Hobart

Hobart is often portrayed as a lifestyle haven — a harbour city framed by Mount Wellington, rich...

Planning your next holiday? Here’s how to spot and avoid greenwashing

More of us than ever are trying to make environmentally responsible travel choices. Sustainable ...