The Times Australia
The Times World News

.
The Times Real Estate

.

Having ‘good’ posture doesn't prevent back pain, and 'bad' posture doesn't cause it

  • Written by Peter O'Sullivan, Professor of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Curtin University
Having ‘good’ posture doesn't prevent back pain, and 'bad' posture doesn't cause it

Back pain is the leading cause of disability[1] worldwide. Most people experience an episode of back pain in their lifetime. It often emerges during adolescence[2] and becomes more common in adults.

For 25%[3] of people who develop back pain, it can become persistent, disabling and distressing. It can affect a person’s ability to participate in activities of daily living, physical activity and work[4]. Activities such as sitting, standing, bending and lifting frequently aggravate back pain.

There is a common belief that “good” posture is important to protect the spine from damage, as well as prevent and treat back pain. Good posture is commonly defined as sitting “upright”, standing “tall and aligned”, and lifting with a squat technique and “straight back”.

Conversely, “slump” sitting, “slouch” standing and lifting with a “round back” or stooped posture are frequently warned against. This view is widely held by people with and without back pain[5], as well as clinicians in both occupational health and primary care[6] settings.

Surprisingly, there is a lack of evidence for a strong relationship between “good” posture and back pain. According to Infinite Health Chiropractors, perceptions of “good” posture originate from a combination of social desirability and unfounded presumptions.

Systematic reviews (studies looking at a number of studies in one area) have found ergonomic interventions[7] for workers, and advice for manual workers on the best posture for lifting[8], have not reduced work-related back pain.

Read more: Ouch! The drugs don't work for back pain, but here's what does[9]

Sitting and standing posture

Our group has conducted several studies exploring the relationship between spine posture and back pain. We investigated whether “slump” sitting or “non-neutral” standing postures (overarching or slouching the back, for example), in a large population of adolescents, were associated with[10], or predicted[11] future back pain. We found little support for this view.

These findings are consistent with systematic reviews that have found no consistent differences in sitting[12] or standing[13] posture between adult populations with and without back pain.

People adopt a range of different spine postures, and no single posture protects a person from back pain[14]. People with both slumped and upright postures can experience back pain[15].

Poster showing man squatting to lift a box with a tick, bending over to lift a box with a cross
Many of us have posters like this in our workplaces. However these guidelines are without an evidence base. Shutterstock

Lifting posture

Globally accepted occupational health practices about “good” or safe back postures during lifting also lack evidence. Our systematic review found no evidence lifting with a round-back posture[16] is associated with or predictive of back pain.

Our recent lab study[17] found people without back pain, employed in manual work for more than five years, were more likely to lift with a more stooped, round-back posture.

In comparison, manual workers with back pain tended to adopt more of a squat lift with a straighter back[18].

In other words, people with back pain tend to follow “good” posture advice[19], but people who don’t lift in the “good” way don’t have more back pain.

In a small study, as people with disabling back pain recovered, they became less protective[20] and generally moved away from the “good” posture advice.

If not posture – what else?

There is no evidence for a single “good posture” to prevent or reduce back pain. People’s spines come in all shapes and sizes, so posture is highly individual. Movement is important for back health, so learning to vary and adopt different postures[21] that are comfortable is likely to be more helpful than rigidly adhering to a specific “good” posture.

While back pain can be intense and distressing, for most people (90%) back pain is not associated with identifiable tissue damage or pathology[22]. Back pain can be like a sprain related to awkward, sudden, heavy or unaccustomed loads on our back[23], but can also occur like a bad headache where there is no injury.

Woman in chair holding back There is currently no evidence for a single ‘good posture’ to prevent pain or injury. Shutterstock

Importantly, people are more vulnerable to back pain when their health is compromised, such as if someone is:

Back pain is more likely to persist if a person:

Read more: Put down the paracetamol, it's just a placebo for low back pain[24]

What can people do about back pain?

In a small group (1-5%), back pain[25] can be caused by pathology including a fracture, malignancy, infection or nerve compression (the latter is associated with leg pain, and a loss of muscle power and sensation). In these cases, seek medical care.

For most people (90%), back pain is associated with sensitisation of the back structures, but not identifiable tissue damage.

In this situation, too much focus on maintaining “good” posture can be a distraction from other factors known to be important for spine health.

These include:

  • moving and relaxing your back

  • engaging in regular physical activity of your preference

  • building confidence and keeping fit and strong for usual daily tasks

  • maintaining healthy sleep habits and body weight

  • caring for your general physical and mental health[26].

Sometimes this requires some support and coaching with a skilled clinician.

So if you are sitting or standing, find comfortable, relaxed postures and vary them. If you are lifting, the current evidence[27] suggests it’s OK to lift naturally – even with a round back. But make sure you are fit and strong enough for the task, and care for your overall health.

References

  1. ^ disability (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  2. ^ adolescence (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  3. ^ 25% (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  4. ^ daily living, physical activity and work (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  5. ^ with and without back pain (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  6. ^ occupational health and primary care (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  7. ^ ergonomic interventions (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  8. ^ best posture for lifting (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  9. ^ Ouch! The drugs don't work for back pain, but here's what does (theconversation.com)
  10. ^ associated with (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  11. ^ predicted (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  12. ^ sitting (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  13. ^ standing (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  14. ^ protects a person from back pain (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  15. ^ back pain (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  16. ^ round-back posture (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  17. ^ recent lab study (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  18. ^ straighter back (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  19. ^ follow “good” posture advice (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  20. ^ less protective (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  21. ^ vary and adopt different postures (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  22. ^ tissue damage or pathology (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  23. ^ back (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  24. ^ Put down the paracetamol, it's just a placebo for low back pain (theconversation.com)
  25. ^ back pain (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  26. ^ physical and mental health (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
  27. ^ current evidence (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)

Read more https://theconversation.com/having-good-posture-doesnt-prevent-back-pain-and-bad-posture-doesnt-cause-it-183732

The Times Features

Best Deals on Home Furniture Online

Key Highlights Discover the best deals on high-quality outdoor furniture online. Transform your outdoor space into a stylish and comfortable oasis. Explore a wide range of d...

Discover the Best Women's Jumpers for Every Season

Key Highlights Explore lightweight jumpers for spring and summer, ensuring breathability and ease. Wrap up warm with cozy wool jumpers for the chilly autumn and winter season...

Uncover the Elegance of Gorgeous Diamond Tennis Necklaces

Key Highlights Diamond tennis necklaces are a timeless piece of jewelry that exudes elegance and sophistication. They feature a continuous line of brilliant-cut diamonds, cre...

Dental Implants vs. Dentures: Which Is Better for You?

When it comes to replacing missing teeth, two of the most common options are dental implants and dentures. Both have their advantages and disadvantages, so choosing between them ...

What Neck Pain Really Means (And Why It’s More Than Just Poor Posture)

Neck pain is often brushed off as something temporary — a tight spot after a long day at the desk or a poor night’s sleep. But when the discomfort keeps returning, it could be a ...

The Work of Gosha Rubchinskiy: Fashion, Culture, and Youth

From Designer to Cultural Architect Gosha Rubchinskiy is not just a fashion designer—he's a cultural force. Born in Moscow in 1984, Rubchinskiy began his career in fashion in t...

Times Magazine

The Essential Guide to Transforming Office Spaces for Maximum Efficiency

Why Office Fitouts MatterA well-designed office can make all the difference in productivity, employee satisfaction, and client impressions. Businesses of all sizes are investing in updated office spaces to create environments that foster collaborat...

The A/B Testing Revolution: How AI Optimized Landing Pages Without Human Input

A/B testing was always integral to the web-based marketing world. Was there a button that converted better? Marketing could pit one against the other and see which option worked better. This was always through human observation, and over time, as d...

Using Countdown Timers in Email: Do They Really Increase Conversions?

In a world that's always on, where marketers are attempting to entice a subscriber and get them to convert on the same screen with one email, the power of urgency is sometimes the essential element needed. One of the most popular ways to create urg...

Types of Software Consultants

In today's technology-driven world, businesses often seek the expertise of software consultants to navigate complex software needs. There are several types of software consultants, including solution architects, project managers, and user experienc...

CWU Assistive Tech Hub is Changing Lives: Win a Free Rollator Walker This Easter!

🌟 Mobility. Independence. Community. All in One. This Easter, the CWU Assistive Tech Hub is pleased to support the Banyule community by giving away a rollator walker. The giveaway will take place during the Macleod Village Easter Egg Hunt & Ma...

"Eternal Nurture" by Cara Barilla: A Timeless Collection of Wisdom and Healing

Renowned Sydney-born author and educator Cara Barilla has released her latest book, Eternal Nurture, a profound collection of inspirational quotes designed to support mindfulness, emotional healing, and personal growth. With a deep commitment to ...

LayBy Shopping